THE AMOZON ( अमोज़ोन )
- Jaiv Vividhata (Biodiversity):
Amazon duniya ki sabse badi tropical rainforest hai. Yahan lagbhag 40,000 paudhon ki prajatiyan, 2.5 lakh prakar ke insects, aur 2,000 se zyada machhliyon ke prajati milti hain. Janwaron mein yahaan 400 prajatiyon ke mamals, 1,300 prajatiyon ke birds, aur 400 prajatiyon ke amphibians paaye jaate hain. Itni adhik vividhata duniya mein kahin aur dekhne ko nahi milti. - Amazon Nadi (Amazon River):
Amazon nad ki lambai 7,000 kilometers ke aaspaas hai, jo ise duniya ki sabse lambi ya doosri sabse lambi nadi banati hai. Yeh nadi puri rainforest ke beech behti hai, aur apne vistrit jal pravah ke liye prasiddh hai. - Prakritik Saundarya (Natural Beauty):
Amazon jungle ka prakritik drishya aapko mohit kar dega. Gehri haryali, ghane jungle, bahut si nadiyan, jharne, aur rainforests ki khushbu ise dharti par ek svarg jaise sthaan banati hai. - Vayu Sudharak (Earth’s Lungs):
Amazon ko “Prithvi ke phephde” (Lungs of the Earth) kaha jaata hai, kyunki yahaan ke paudhe aur vriksh vishal matra mein carbon dioxide ko absorb karte hain aur oxygen ka utpaadan karte hain. Duniya ke oxygen ka lagbhag 20% Amazon jungle se aata hai. - Adiwasi Sanskriti (Indigenous Tribes):
Amazon ke jungle mein lagbhag 400 se adhik adiwasi janajaatiyan rehti hain, jo apni prachin sanskriti aur paramparagat jeevan vyavhaar ko aaj tak jeevit rakhi hui hain. Yeh log jungle ke prati bahut gyaan aur samman rakhte hain. - Mitti ka Anokha Rang (Varied Soil Types):
Amazon rainforest ki mitti bhi vishesh hai, yahan kai rangon ki mitti milti hai jo alag-alag prakar ke pedon aur paudhon ko janm deti hai. Yahaan ki mitti itni sundar aur vistrit hai ki iska adhyayan poore vishwa ke vaigyanikon ke liye ek rochak vishay hai.
Amazon rainforest apne ghane vrikshon, jeev jantu, aur paani ke srot ke liye duniya bhar mein mashhoor hai, aur yeh vishw ke paryavaran ka ek ati mahatvapurn hissa hai.
Angel Falls (Salto Ángel) Venezuela ke Gran Sabana ke Canaima National Park mein sthit hai aur duniya ka sabse ooncha jharna hai. Is jharne ki kahani aur iske peeche ki rochak baatein ise aur bhi visesh banati hain:
Angel Falls, Venezuela
1. Duniya ka Sabse Ooncha Jharna
Angel Falls ki oonchai lagbhag 3,212 feet (979 meters) hai, aur iska free-fall drop (paani jo seedha neeche girta hai) 2,648 feet (807 meters) ka hai. Is jharne se paani Auyán-Tepui pahaad se neeche girta hai, jo ek mesa (plateau) yaa “tepui” kehlaata hai.
2. Naam ki Kahani
Angel Falls ka naam ek American aviator Jimmy Angel ke naam par pada tha. 1933 mein, Jimmy Angel ne pehli baar yeh jharna dekha jab woh yahaan chhupay hue khazaane ki talash mein ud raha tha. 1937 mein, Jimmy Angel apne plane ke saath Auyán-Tepui ke ooper land karne ki koshish ki, lekin uska plane daldali zameen mein fas gaya. Unhone aur unki team ne yahaan se neeche utarne ke liye 11 din ka safar kiya, jo duniya ke saamne is jharne ko pradarshit karne wala ek pramukh kshan bana.
3. Rohani Aur Sanskritik Mahatva
Angel Falls ko Pemon adiwasi log “Kerepakupai Merú” ke naam se jaante hain, jiska matlab hai “Sabse gahre sthaan ka jharna.” Pemon log Auyán-Tepui ko pavitra maante hain aur unke dharmik vishwaason mein yeh sthaan vishesh mahatva rakhta hai. Yeh jharna unke liye ek adhyatmik aur roohani sthaan hai.
4. Geografik Visheshta
Angel Falls Gran Sabana ke gehre aur ghane jungle ke beech sthit hai, jo ise aur bhi alaukik banata hai. Pahaadi (tepui) ke ooper se girta paani, neeche girne ke dauran hawa ke saath mist (fog) mein tabdeel ho jaata hai. Yeh mist jungle ke ooper ikathha hota hai, jo ek prakar ka dhundhla aur romanchak nazara paida karta hai.
5. Ek Kathin Yatra
Angel Falls tak pahunchna aasaan nahi hai. Is jharne tak jaane ke liye aksar logon ko pehle plane se Canaima village tak jaana padta hai, fir wahan se nadon aur ped-paudhon ke beech se ghante bhar ka safar karke jharne ke paas pahunchte hain. Is romanchak yatra ka ek apna hi maza aur adventure hota hai.
6. Prakritik Sundarta
Angel Falls ke aas-paas ka area prakriti ke ek anokhe aur adbhut roop ko darshata hai. Yahaan ki ghani hariyali, jungle, aur pahadiyoon ke beech se girta paani is jagah ko ek alag hi mystical aur shantimay mahsoos dilata hai.
Angel Falls ki yeh kahani iski prakritik khoobsurti aur rochak itihas ke saath ek prachin Sanskriti ke roop mein humare samaksh aati hai, jo ise duniya ke sabse vishisht sthaanon mein se ek banati hai.
Antarctica
Antarctica ki kahani vichitra, rochak aur unsuni hai. Yeh duniya ka sabse thanda, sabse alag-aur sabse durlabh sthaan hai. Yahaan ke prachin glacieron, tundra, aur khas geological history ke alawa, Antarctica ke peeche kuch chhupi hui baatein aur kahaniyan hain jo logon ko kam hi pata hain:
1. Pracheen Sanskriti Ki Khoj
Halanki Antarctica ko aaj tak human habitation ke liye anukool nahi mana gaya, lekin kuch theories aur myths hain jo yeh maanti hain ki pracheen samay mein yahaan kuch advanced civilizations reh chuki hongi. Yeh theories isi adhar par hain ki Antarctica ke kuch hisson mein purani map jisme landforms dikhaye gaye hain, jaise Piri Reis map (1513), jo Antarctica ke kuch hisson ko us samay dikhata hai jab vo barf se dhaka nahi tha.
2. Nazis aur Antarctica
Antarctica ke baare mein ek unsuni kahani ye bhi hai ki Nazi Germany ne 1938-39 mein yehan ek secret mission kiya tha, jise “New Swabia” kaha gaya. Yeh believe kiya jaata hai ki Nazis Antarctica ke ek hissa mein apne base banane ka prayas kar rahe the aur kuch log to aisa bhi maante hain ki yehan advanced technology aur UFO research bhi hui thi.
3. “Blood Falls” ka Rahasya
Antarctica mein ek ajnabee aur unsuna drishya hai jo logon ko hairan kar deta hai – Blood Falls. Yeh ek chhoti si glacier hai jahan se blood-red rang ka paani behkar aata hai. Prakritik drishya mein itna vivid rang dekhkar logon ko hairani hoti hai. Pehle yeh manaa jaata tha ki yeh rang algal growth ki wajah se hai, lekin baad mein pata chala ki paani mein iron oxide ke ghulne se yeh laal rang paida hota hai.
4. Lake Vostok Ka Rahasya
Lake Vostok, jo ek ghana burf ke neeche chhupa hua ek vishal jeel hai, ek aur unsuljha rahasya hai. Is jeel ko lagbhag 4 km barf ke neeche paaya gaya hai, aur scientists ko yeh lagta hai ki yeh prachin jeel ho sakta hai jo 15-25 million saal purana hai. Yahaan ki jaiv vividhata aur microorganisms ab tak adhyayan ke vishay hain, aur aasha hai ki yahaan ke jeevan ke sanket hume doosre grahon mein jeevan talashne mein madad karenge.
5. Antarctic Ozone Hole Ki Kahani
1985 mein, Antarctica ke upar ek vishal ozone hole ki khoj hui thi. Is khoj se duniya bhar mein halla mach gaya tha, kyunki ozone layer dharti par jeevan ke liye suraksha kavach ke roop mein kaam karti hai. Antarctica ke is ozone hole ne duniya bhar ke vaigyanikon ko proddhit kiya tha ki vo CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) ke prayog par pabandiyan lagaaye, jo ozone ko nuksaan pahuncha rahe the.
6. Alien Life Ke Sannket?
Antarctica ke neeche burf ke andar ek anokha geological formation hai jise Wilkes Land gravity anomaly kaha jaata hai. Yeh structure itna bada hai ki kuch scientists ne isse ek prachin asteroid impact ka nateeja mana hai jo kuch vishesh prakaar ki jaiv vividhata ko Antarctica mein laa sakta tha. Is vajah se kuch logon ka yeh maanna hai ki yahaan prachin kal mein alien life ke saboot mil sakte hain.